JEFFERSON CITY – It’s been an active year for earthquakes in the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ), with 293 minor quakes reported in the past 12 months. Though most were too small to be felt, they are an important reminder that southeast Missouri is located in the heart of the NMSZ, which generated some of the most powerful earthquakes ever to jolt the nation.
A series of major quakes occurred in 1811-1812, destroying buildings, ringing church bells hundreds of miles away and briefly causing the Mississippi River to run backward. The area has remained seismically active ever since and averages more than 200 small quakes annually.
Each February, Missouri observes Earthquake Awareness Month to emphasize preparedness for the risk of another major earthquake occurring in the NMSZ. While no one can predict when an earthquake will occur, scientists agree that large earthquakes in this zone still pose a risk. Experts estimate a 25% to 40% chance of a large earthquake occurring in the next 50 years.
“A large earthquake in southeast Missouri could potentially be the worst natural disaster Missouri has ever seen, and it would occur without warning,” State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA) Director Jim Remillard said. “Earthquake Awareness Month is an important time to learn about the risks and how to protect yourself and your family.”
When shaking starts, the best way to stay safe and protect yourself from falling debris is the “Drop, Cover and Hold On” technique. Drop to your knees, cover your head, get under a desk or table if possible and hold on until the shaking stops. Experts say that in developed countries with modern structures, falling debris is the most common source of injury.
It’s also important to prepare before an earthquake occurs by taking some simple safety steps:
- Bolt bookcases to wall studs, install strong latches on cupboards and secure your home’s water heater. If it tips over, it could start a fire or gas leak, and you could lose a valuable source of water.
- Secure overhead lighting fixtures and move heavy objects from high shelves to lower ones. Many injuries in an earthquake are caused by this type of falling debris.
- Put together an emergency kit, including a flashlight, first aid supplies, portable radio, drinking water and blankets. A major earthquake could leave families without utilities for weeks.
- Develop a family communication plan. Identify a relative living at least 100 miles away that everyone can call to check in and tell family you’re safe.
- Know how to turn off your gas and water.
- Find out if your house is covered for earthquake damage. Most homeowner insurance does not include earthquake coverage – it must be purchased separately.
More resources for families, schools and businesses are available on SEMA’s earthquake preparedness website, including fact sheets, interactive maps and informational videos explaining what to do in the event of an earthquake. For more information, visit sema.dps.mo.gov/earthquake_preparedness.
